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02-08: Exercises — String Formatting

Notes reference: 02-08: String Formatting

Q1: Basic f-string substitution

Format a string that says: "Jahid is 28 years old and lives in New York." using f-strings.

Solution 

name = "Jahid"
age  = 28
city = "New York"
print(f"{name} is {age} years old and lives in {city}.")

Q2: Expressions inside f-strings

Print the result of 7 ** 3 and the string "python" uppercased, both inside a single f-string.

Solution 

print(f"7 cubed is {7**3} and 'python' in caps is {'python'.upper()}")
# 7 cubed is 343 and 'python' in caps is PYTHON

Q3: Float precision

Format the number 3.14159265 to: - 2 decimal places - 5 decimal places - scientific notation with 2 decimal places

Solution 

pi = 3.14159265
print(f"{pi:.2f}")    # 3.14
print(f"{pi:.5f}")    # 3.14159
print(f"{pi:.2e}")    # 3.14e+00

Q4: Integer bases

Print the number 255 as decimal, binary (with 0b prefix), octal (with 0o prefix), and hex (uppercase, with 0x prefix).

Solution 

n = 255
print(f"{n:d}")    # 255
print(f"{n:#b}")   # 0b11111111
print(f"{n:#o}")   # 0o377
print(f"{n:#X}")   # 0XFF

Q5: Width and alignment

Print the word "Dhaka" centred in a field of width 20, filled with "-".

Solution 

print(f"{'Dhaka':-^20}")   # -------Dhaka--------

Q6: Thousands separator and percentage

Format 1500000 with a comma separator, and 0.8765 as a percentage with 1 decimal place.

Solution 

n = 1_500_000
r = 0.8765
print(f"{n:,}")       # 1,500,000
print(f"{r:.1%}")     # 87.6%

Q7: format() method

Reproduce the sentence "Order #0042: 3 items, total $74.50" using the .format() method.

Solution 

s = "Order #{:04d}: {} items, total ${:.2f}".format(42, 3, 74.5)
print(s)   # Order #0042: 3 items, total $74.50

Q8: f-string debug with =

Use the = specifier inside f-strings to debug the values of x = 15, y = 4, and x % y.

Solution 

x, y = 15, 4
print(f"{x=}")       # x=15
print(f"{y=}")       # y=4
print(f"{x % y=}")   # x % y=3

Q9: Legacy % formatting

Format the string "Score: 87/100 (87.00%)" using % formatting.

Solution 

score = 87
print("Score: %d/100 (%.2f%%)" % (score, score))
# Score: 87/100 (87.00%)

Q10: Aligned table

Print a multiplication table for 1–5 × 3 with each number right-aligned in a width of 4.

Solution 

print(f"{'n':>4} {'n×3':>4}")
print("-" * 10)
print(f"{1:>4} {1*3:>4}")
print(f"{2:>4} {2*3:>4}")
print(f"{3:>4} {3*3:>4}")
print(f"{4:>4} {4*3:>4}")
print(f"{5:>4} {5*3:>4}")

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